Cyber Security Basics: Need to Know Definitions

Cyber security has quickly become a priority for consumers and businesses alike. For the past seven years, data security has been a top concern for IT departments, according to Global Knowledge. However, if you're not tuned in to the cybersecurity world, you may be a little confused by some of the terminology. To help decode the difference between things like IPS and VPN, here's a basic list of terms and their definitions to get you started.

Term	Definition
Authentication	The process of verifying a person's identity when trying to gain access to a computer or files.
APT, advanced persistent threat	A high-level, complex attack aimed at obtaining sensitive data over a long period of time. Read more about What is APT and APT Warning Signs.
Back up	Storing copies of your files on a server, hard drive, computer or removable drive to access in case of loss.
Cloud computing	Computing services from remote servers.
Cyber Security	The strategic act of protecting information and communications through a variety of sophisticated tools, policies and processes.
Data breach	Unauthorized access of data.
Encryption	Transforming data to conceal or hide it.
Endpoint security	Securing devices at the endpoint of a network; these include mobile devices (tablets, laptops) employees use.
Enterprise risk management	A comprehensive approach to protect a company's assets by identifying risks, implementing countermeasures and responding to threats in real time.
Firewall	Hardware or software designed to keep unwanted users out of your network.
Hacker	Someone who violates security to access data for a malicious reason.
ISP, internet service provider	A company that supplies a connection to the Internet.
IPS, intrusion prevention system	A program that detects and blocks hackers from accessing your computer or data.
Keystroke logger	Software or a hardware device that records keystrokes to secretly capture information like passwords.
Malware	Software intended to carry out unauthorized and harmful actions on a computer
Phishing	Email scams sent by hackers meant to obtain sensitive information like banking information or passwords.
Risk assessment	The process of identifying potential risks that your specific company and network face.
Spyware	Malware that monitors activity or information on your computer without consent and sends it to another person.
VPN, virtual private network	A safer way to access the Web by routing your connection through a server that conceals your location. Read more about What is VPN.
Virus	Malware designed to self-replicate.
Worm	Malware that installs itself once on a computer and copies itself to other computers.

For many people, managing cybersecurity is a task best left to experts. An effective cyber security company can help you assess your risks, implement proactive solutions and handle threats that arise.